--> v=[2,-3+%i,7]
v =
! 2. - 3. + i 7. !
--> v'
ans =
! 2. !
! - 3. - i !
! 7. !
--> w=[-3;-3-%i;2]
w =
! - 3. !
! - 3. - i !
! 2. !
--> v'+w
ans =
! - 1. !
! - 6. - 2.i !
! 9. !
--> v*w
ans =
18.
--> w'.*v
ans =
! - 6. 8. - 6.i 14. !
Notice that vector elements that are separated by commas (or by blanks)
yield row vectors and those separated by semi-colons give column
vectors. The empty matrix is [] ; it has zero rows and zero columns.
Note also that a single quote is used for transposing a
vector
(one obtains the complex conjugate for complex entries). Vectors of same
dimension can be added and subtracted. The scalar product of a row and
column vector is demonstrated above. Element-wise
multiplication (.*) and division (./) is also possible
as was demonstrated.
Note with the following example the role of the position of the blank:
-->v=[1 +3]
v =
! 1. 3. !
-->w=[1 + 3]
w =
! 1. 3. !
-->w=[1+ 3]
w =
4.
-->u=[1, + 8- 7]
u =
! 1. 1. !
Vectors of elements which increase or decrease incrementely are constructed as follows
--> v=5:-.5:3 v = ! 5. 4.5 4. 3.5 3. !The resulting vector begins with the first value and ends with the third value stepping in increments of the second value. When not specified the default increment is one. A constant vector can be created using the ones and zeros facility
--> v=[1 5 6] v = ! 1. 5. 6. ! --> ones(v) ans = ! 1. 1. 1. ! --> ones(v') ans = ! 1. ! ! 1. ! ! 1. ! --> ones(1:4) ans = ! 1. 1. 1. 1. ! --> 3*ones(1:4) ans = ! 3. 3. 3. 3. ! -->zeros(v) ans = ! 0. 0. 0. ! -->zeros(1:5) ans = ! 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. !Notice that ones or zeros replace its vector argument by a vector of equivalent dimensions filled with ones or zeros.